{"id":2515,"date":"2026-08-14T13:29:48","date_gmt":"2026-08-14T10:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/?page_id=2515"},"modified":"2026-08-14T13:29:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T10:29:48","slug":"efficiency-and-convergence","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/all-issues\/efficiency-and-convergence\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

Efficiency and Convergence in the European Life Insurance Industry<\/h2>\n

Multinational Finance Journal, 2020, vol. 24, no. 1\/2, pp. 65\u201391<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Dimitrios G. Giantsios<\/strong>, University of Macedonia, Greece<\/em><\/p>\n

Athanasios G. Noulas<\/strong>, University of Macedonia, Greece<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

This article employs a flexible stochastic frontier to estimate revenue efficiency and efficiency convergence for 22 European Union insurance markets during the financial crisis and after. It also looks at firm-specific factors that might affect inefficiency. Revenue efficiency falls with the beginning of the financial crisis but remains relatively stable over the examined period. The average revenue efficiency is found to be 57.4% indicating a 42.6% possible increase in revenue efficiency on average. The results on the issue of convergence are mixed; \u03b2-convergence has taken place but not \u03c3-convergence. In fact, \u03c3-divergence occurred during the financial crisis period. Size and diversification seem to negatively affect efficiency.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Revenue efficiency; \u03b2-convergence; \u03c3-convergence; European life insurance industry; stochastic frontier<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Citation (APA):<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Giantsios, D. G., & Noulas, A. G. (2020). Efficiency and convergence in the European life insurance industry. Multinational Finance Journal, 24<\/em>(1\/2), 65\u201391.<\/p>\n

Citation (Harvard):<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Giantsios, D.G. and Noulas, A.G., 2020. Efficiency and Convergence in the European Life Insurance Industry. Multinational Finance Journal<\/em>, 24(1\/2), pp.65\u201391.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Efficiency and Convergence in the European Life Insurance Industry Multinational Finance Journal, 2020, vol. 24, no. 1\/2, pp. 65\u201391 Dimitrios G. Giantsios, University of Macedonia, Greece Athanasios G. Noulas, University of Macedonia, Greece   Abstract: This article employs a flexible stochastic frontier to estimate revenue efficiency and efficiency convergence for 22 European Union insurance markets […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":621,"featured_media":0,"parent":221,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2515","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2515"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/621"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2515"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2515\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2516,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2515\/revisions\/2516"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.uwasa.fi\/mfjuva\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}